equilibrium
Equilibrium
2005-08-22 13:07:53
2005-08-22 13:07:53
Definition
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In the mechanics, a body is in (mechanical) {\em equilibrium}, if it is either at rest or moves in a straight line with constant velocity and is not in an accelerated rotational motion.\, This means that the vector sum of all forces and the vector sum of all torques acting on the body vanish.
A system is in {\em thermodynamic equilibrium}, if its observable (macroscopic) properties do not alter with time.\, This contains the
\begin{itemize}
\item {\em thermal equilibrium}, i.e. the temperature is constant in every point; \item the {\em chemical equilibriun}, i.e. the consistency does not alter;
\item the {\em mechanical equilibrium}, i.e. there is no macroscopic motion within the system.
\end{itemize}